Pump



Nv- 2, 1954 s. J. PICKARD' ETAL PUMP 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed June 13,1950 Nov. 2, 1954 s, 1 P|KARD ETAL 2,693,150 v PUMP Filed June 13, 195o2 sheets-sheet 2 35 283433 38 F/G .2 ?\\\`-\\v vyN ,3 'lll/l rum SydneyJ. Pickard and Denis E. Ware, London, England, assignors -to Smitlis.lacking Systems Limited, London, England, a British company Application.lune 13, 1951i, Serial No. 167,730

Claims priority, application Great Britain Iluly 29, 1949 6 Claims. (Cl.1433-174) This invention relates to pumps and its main object is toprovide an improved construction of radial plunger pump having anydesired number of plungers actuated by a rotating cam, whichconstruction will enable an eiiicient pumping action to be achieved athigh pump speed and will eiiiciently trap and collect the pressure uiddelivered from each plunger.

According to the invention we provide a pump having a rotary shaftcarrying a cam or eccentric for operating one or more plungersreciprocable radially of the shaft, means including resilient packingand a valve member forming a delivery space for each plunger coaxialtherewith and at the outer end of the plunger and means includingresilient packing forming a manifold gallery around the shaft axis, andconnected to one or more of said delivery spaces.

The manifold gallery may be formed between separable parts of a pumpbody, one part being located within a recess in the other, and sealed onopposite sides by spaced resilient packing rings, and connected to anoutlet port in the inner part of the pump body which latter also has aninlet port leading to the plungers. The other part of the pump body mayhave radial bores corresponding in number to the number of plungers,each containing a liner for guiding a plunger, said lining forming atits outer end a seating for a spring pressed valve member, two spacedpackingl rings surrounding the valve member on its outlet side andforming the delivery space between them, and a closure member.

Short d'ucts in the outer pump body may connect these bores to themanifold gallery.

In order that the invention may be more readily understood, reference ismade to the accompanying drawings which illustrate diagrammatically andby. way of example two embodimentsthereof, and in which:

Figure l is an axial section of one embodiment of the Pump;

Figure 2 is a cross section on the line li--Il of Figure l;

Figrue 3 is a cross section on the line lll-lll of Figure l;

Figures 4 and 5 are end views in the direction of the arrows A and Brespectively of Figure l;

Figure 6 is a perspective viewy on a larger scale of the plunger liner;

Figure 7 is an axial section of another embodiment; and.

Figure 8 is a cross-section on the line Viil-Vlll of Fig. 7.

ln the several views of the drawings, like parts are denoted by likereference characters.

Referring to the embodiment of Figures l to 6, the body of the pumpconsists of an outer body part 1 and an inner body part 2. The innerbody part 2 is mainly located in a recess 3 in one end of the outer bodypart 1 and is provided with a ilange 4 on its outer end outside therecess 3 whereby the inner part 2 is attached by screws 5 to the outerpart 1.

Radially arranged around a central camshaft 6 are three plungers 7 eachbeing reciprocated in its respective radial direction by the lift of acam 8 integral with or keyed to the camshaft 6. `rThe cam action isapplied tangentially to the inner faces 9 of the plungers 7, a freelyrotatable bearing ring lil being interposed to assist contact betweenthe cam and the plungers. The cam action is made effective by rotationof the camshaft 6 by any suitable driving means (not shown), connectionbeing eiected at the squared end 11. The'camshaft is effecthe head 22 ofthe liner 20.

Patented Nov. 2, 1954 tively supported on both sides of the cam inbearings 12 and 13, housed respectively in the outer and inner bodyparts 1 and 2, thereby adequately supporting the camshaft right up tothe point of application of the load, both for journal pressure and endthrust. An oil seal 14 is provided around the camshaft at the drive endof the outer body 1. Duets 15 (Figure l) and 16 (Figure 3) are providedin the body parts 1 and 2, to connect the bearings 12 and 13 to theinterior of the pump body to ensure continuous lubrication of thebearings by the fluid (oil) during operation of the pump. The bearing 13is housed in a bore 17 in the inner body 2 which extends beyond the endof the camshaft 6 to form an oil reservoir 18.

Each of the plungers 7 reciprocates in a bore 19 of a liner 20 which ishoused in a radial bore 21 in the outer pump body 1. The liner has anenlarged head 22 which seats on a shoulder 23 formed by a coun'terbore24 in the body 1 as will later be more fully described. A helicalcompression spring 25 is arranged externally of the plunger '7 and liner2@ and bears between shoulders 26 and 27 provided on the two components.The liner is positively held in position in the pump body by a screwdown plug 23 in the outer end of the bore 24. The plunger is thusmaintained with its inner face 9 in contact with the cam bearing ring1li. The liner, which is of sufficient length to guide the plunger, hasa number of, for example, four, cross holes Sil, about midway along thebore 19, serving to connect the liner bore with the bore 21. These crossholes 30 and the bore 19 serve as iiuid inlet ports.

Within a recess 31 in the top or radially outer face 32 of the liner, atright angles to the bore 19, is seated a disc valve 33 which is loadedby a helical compression spring 34 housed in a recess 35 in the plug 28.

A slot or gap 36 is cut diametrically across the top face 32 of theliner and constitutes a delivery space between the liner and the plug28. In the recess 31, into which this slot runs, movement of the discvalve 33 is permitted. The slot is effectively isolated against leakageof pressure fluid past the liner or plug by means of two spaced roundsection rubber or the like seals or packing rings; one of the seals 37being distorted and trapped within a groove 38 provided around the innerend of the plug 28, and the other seal 39 likewise being trapped withina groove 40 provided in the inner periphery of The outer pump-body 1supports the radial components, the drive bearing 12, and the shaft oilseal 14 and has a mounting and fixing flange 41 at the drive end. Theinner body part 2 has a groove at 42 cut in.

its outer peripheral surface forming a manifold gallery 43concentrically around the shaft 6. An enlargement of this gallery isformed by grooving, as at 44, the inner surface of the recess 3 in theouter part of the body 1. The gallery 43 is effectively sealed againstentry of uid from or exit to the outside of the outer part 1 and from orto the inside of the inner part 2 by means of two spaced round-sectionrubber or the like seals or packing rings 45, 46, each of said sealsbeing distorted and trapped respectively in grooves 47, 48 formed oneither side of the gallery.

Each delivery space 36 of some of the plungers is connected with themanifold gallery d3 by a passage or duct 49 in the outer part 1, andfrom the manifold gallery a single pressure outlet 50 is provided in theinner part 2.

An independent auxiliary flow of uid is provided for in addition to themain pump flow to the outlet Sil. For this purpose one of the plungers(i. e. the plunger associated with the plug having the extension 28ashown in Figures 2 and 8) and associated parts is isolated from theothers by providing an independent pressure outlet in the associatedplug 28. The associated delivery space 36 is then isolated from themanifold gallery 43 by simply not drilling the particular connectinghole 49.

Fluid enters the pump at an inlet connection 51 and immediately floodsthe inside of the pump body which allows all moving parts to belubricated at all times. When the pump is running, the plungers 7successively uncover the uid inlet ports 30 when the bottom of thestroke is reached and fluid enters the liner boreA 1-9. As the plungerbegins to rise it closes the ports 3i) and increases the pressure ofthe" iiuid trapped in the liner bore 19'until the spring 34 is overcomeand the disc valve 33l lifted. The entrapped fluid is then passed to thedelivery space 36. As soon as thel plunger commences its downward strokethedisc valve re-seats itself andthe fluid is pressure trapped in' thespace 36 whence it is transferred via the duct 49y to the gallery 43'and linally to kthe outlet 50.

The embodiment illustrated in- Figures 7 and 8 differs apart fromexternal shape, from that described with reference to Figures l to 6only in that the pressure fluid inlet 51 and outlet 50" are situated inthe outer body part 1 instead of the inner. body part 2. The inlet 51is-bored radially through the body wally into the camshaft whilst theoutlet 50 is bored through the outer body wall into the groove 44forming the manifold gallery 43. Moreover, this embodiment of pumpcarries tive plungers 7 equi-spaced radially of the outer pump body l.

p The pump during use will self clear any' air trapped in the pumpcasing or in` any interior part of the pump, due to the positive actionof the plungers'. l

The delivery space 36 and the gallery 43 effectively collects pressurefrom each of the pumping elements associated therewith irrespective ofthe number of pumping elements chosen and delivers said pressure withoutloss to the desired common outlet point 50.

Generally, a flexibility in pressure collection with the provision foralternative outlet points in the pump body, and practical simplicity inthe general construction, is provided by the invention together witheiliciency' at high speeds.

We claim:

1. A radial plunger pump comprising a iirst body part having an openingat one end and at least two valve bores having their axes at rightangles to said opening, a second body part attached to the tirst bodypart covering said opening, `said second body part having a first fluidpressure outlet opening therein, a shaft rotatably' mounted' in at leastone of said body parts, a cam on said shaft, pump and valve meanslocated in each of said valve bores `and disposed radially of said shaftand operated by said cam to force fluid from the interior of the rstbodypart to delivery spacesv on the radially outer side of said pump andvalve means `withinsaid valve bores, at least one connecting duct insaid first body part providing communication between at least one ofsaid delivery spacesk and said rst outlet opening', one of said bodyparts having an inlet duct leading toy the interior of the said bodyparts,y and further duct means communicating with the interior of atleast one of said valve bores to provide a second fluid pressure outletopening, independent of the said first iluid pres'- sure outlet opening,at the outer end of the pump and valve means associated therewith.

2. A radial plunger pump vcomprising an outer body part having anannular opening at oneend and at least one valve bore having its axis atright angles to said opening, an inner body part attached to the outerbody part and having an annular part extending into said recess, a pairof annular packing rings surrounding' said inner body part and formingan annular iluid chamber' between them and between the' annular surfaceof the said recess and the outer annular surface of the inner body part,a shaft mounted at one end in the outer body part and mounted at itsother end in said inner' body part, a cam on said shaft, pump and valvemeans located .in said valve bore and disposed radially of said shaftand operated by said cam to force -ui'd from the interior bf the outerbody part to a delivery space on the radially outer side of said pumpand valve means within said valve bore, a connecting duct in said outerbody partl providing communication between said delivery space tand saidannular uid chamber, one of said body parts having an inlet duct leadingto the interior of said outer body part.

3. A radial plunger pump' comprising' an outer body' part having acircular opening at one e'nd and at least three valve` bores havingtheir axes at' right angles vto said opening, an inner body partattached to theA outer body part and having an annular part extendinginto said recess, said inner body part having a rst outletopeningtherein, a pair of annular packing rings surrounding said inner bodypart and forming an annular uid chamber between them and between thecircular surface of the said recess and the. outer circular surface.

of the inner body part, a shaft mounted at one end in the outer bodypart and mounted at its other end in said -inner body part, a cam onsaid shaft, pump and valve means located in said valve bores anddisposed radially of said shaft and operated by said cam to force uidfrom the interior of the outer body to delivery spaces .0n the radiallyouter side of said pump and valve means Within. said valve bores, atleast two connecting ducts in said outer body part providingcommunication between at least two of said delivery spaces and saidannular iluid. chamber, one of said body parts having an inlet ductleading tol the interior' of said outer body part, and further ductmeans communicating with at least one of said delivery spaces to providea second iluid pressure outlet opening, independent of both said rstoutlet opening and of said annular iiuid chamber, at the outer end. ofone of saidA pump and valve means.

4.. A radial plunger pump comprising a. iirsty body part. having anopening at. one. end and at. least. two valve boreshaving their axes,at. right angles to said opening, a second body part attached to theouter body part covering `said opening, said second body part having arst fluid pressure outlet opening therein, a shaft rotatably mountedy inat least one of said body parts, a cam on saidl shaft, pump and' valvemeans located ineach of said valve bores and disposed radially of said'shaft and operated by said cam to force fluid' from the interior of theiirst body part to delivery spaces on the radially outer' side of saidpump and' valve means within said valve bores, at least one connectingduct in said first body part providing communication between at leastone of said delivery spaces and said rst outlet opening, one of saidbody parts having an inlet duct leading to the interior of said' outerbody part, and means providing a second huid' pressure outlet opening atthe outer end of one of said pump and' valve means through the valvebore thereof, each of said pump and valve means connected to saidannular fluid chamber comprising an annular shoulder in saidv valvebore, a liner having' a pump cylinder and provided with an enlargedhead, a first annular packing ring located between said head and saidshoulder, a plug closing the outer end of said bore said plug engagingsaid liner and pressing it towards said shoulder, and a further annularpacking ring surrounding the inner end of said plug and spaced from saidfirst packing ring so as to leave said delivery space between them whichis in communication with said connecting duct.

5. A radial plunger pump as claimed in claim 4, wherein the saiddelivery space is formed by a transverse gap formed inA the outersurface of the enlarged headl of the liner, the valve member comprisinga disc freely seating in a recess in said gap.

6. A radial plunger pump comprising a rst body part having an opening atone end and at least two valve bores having their axes at right anglesto said opening, a second body part attached to the outer body partcovering said opening, said second body part having a uid pressureoutlet opening therein, a shaft rotatably mountedV in at least one ofsaid body parts, a cam on said shaft, pump and valve means located ineach of said valve bores and disposed radially of said shaft andoperated by said cam to force iiuid from the interior of the iirst bodypart to delivery spaces on the radially outer side of said pump andvalve means within said valve bores, at least one connecting duct foreach of said valve bores, said connecting ducts being located in saidrst body part and providing communication between at least one of saiddelivery spaces and said iirst outlet opening, one of said body partshaving an inlet duct leading to the interior of said outer body part,each of said pump and valve means connected to said annular fluidchamber comprising an annular shoulder in said valve bore, a linerhaving a pump cylinder and provided with an enlarged head, a firstannular packing ring located between said head and said shoulder, a plugclosing the outer end of said bore said plug engaging said liner andpressing it towards said shoulder, and a further annular packing ringsurrounding the inner end of said plug and spaced from said rst packingring so as to leave said delivery space between them which is incommunication with said connecting duct, the said delivery space beingformed by a transverse gap formed in the outer surface of the enlargedhead of the linear, and each pump and valve means also including a valvemember comprising Number a disc freely seating in a recess in said gap.2,309,551 2,382,452 References Cited in the le of this patent UNITEDSTATES PATENTS 5 Number Number Name Date v 316,328 603,805 Wood May 10,1898 544,077 1,409,786 Sansbury Mar. 14, 1922 580,320 2,219,002 BeehOct. 22, 1940 10 Name Date Trapp et a1. Jan. 26, 1943 Svenson Aug. 14,1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Germany 1918 France 1922 Great Britain1946

